Ethiopia is a landlocked sovereign country located in the Horn of Africa. Ethiopia is bordered by Eritrea to the north, Sudan to the west, South Sudan to the south-west, Kenya to the south, Somalia to the east and Djibouti to the north-east. Ethiopia is one of the oldest countries in the world and Africa's second-most populous nation. Ethiopia has yielded some of humanity's oldest traces, making the area important in the history of human evolution. Recent studies claim that the vicinity of present-day Addis Ababa was the point from which human beings migrated around the world. Ethiopian dynastic history traditionally began with the reign of Emperor Menelik I in 1000 BC. The roots of the Ethiopian state are similarly deep, dating with unbroken continuity to at least the Aksumite Empire (which adopted the name "Ethiopia" in the 4th century) and its predecessor state, D`mt (with early 1st millennium BC roots). After a period of decentralized power in the 18th and early 19th centuries known as the Zemene Mesafint ("Era of the Judges/Princes"), the country was reunited in 1855 by Kassa Hailu, who became Emperor Tewodros II, beginning Ethiopia's modern history. Ethiopia's borders underwent significant territorial expansion to its modern borders for the rest of the century, especially by Emperor Menelik II and Ras Gobena, culminating in its victory over the Italians at the Battle of Adwa in 1896 with the military leadership of Ras Makonnen, and ensuring its sovereignty and freedom from colonization. It was occupied by Benito Mussolini's Fascist Italy from 1936 to 1941, ending with its liberation by British Empire and Ethiopian Patriot forces. Its eastern border also changed in 1950 from the former 1908 Convention Line to the subsequent provisional administrative line.

General reference

• Pronunciation:
• Common English country name: Ethiopia
• Official English country name: The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
• Common endonym(s):
• Official endonym(s):
• Adjectival(s): Ethiopian
• Demonym(s):
• Etymology: Name of Ethiopia
• International rankings of Ethiopia
• ISO country codes: ET, ETH, 231
• ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:ET
• Internet country code top-level domain: .et

Geography of Ethiopia

Geography of Ethiopia

• Ethiopia is: a landlocked country
• Location:
  • Eastern Hemisphere and Northern Hemisphere
  • Africa
    • North Africa
    • East Africa
      • Horn of Africa
  • Time zone: East Africa Time (UTC+03)
  • Extreme points of Ethiopia
    • High: Ras Dejen 4,550 m (14,928 ft)
    • Low: Denakil Depression −125 m (−410 ft)
  • Land boundaries: 5,328 km

 Sudan 723 km

 South Sudan 883 km

 Somalia 1,600 km

 Eritrea 912 km

 Kenya 861 km

 Djibouti 349 km

• Coastline: none

• Population of Ethiopia: 79,221,000 (July 2008) - 15th most populous country
• Area of Ethiopia: 1,104,300 km²
• Atlas of Ethiopia

Environment of Ethiopia

Environment of Ethiopia

• Climate of Ethiopia
• Environmental issues in Ethiopia
• Ecoregions in Ethiopia
• Renewable energy in Ethiopia
• Protected areas of Ethiopia
  • National parks of Ethiopia
• Wildlife of Ethiopia
  • Fauna of Ethiopia
    • Birds of Ethiopia
    • Mammals of Ethiopia

Natural geographic features of Ethiopia

• Glaciers in Ethiopia: none
• Islands of Ethiopia
• Lakes of Ethiopia
• Mountains of Ethiopia
  • Volcanoes in Ethiopia
• Rivers of Ethiopia
• World Heritage Sites in Ethiopia

Regions of Ethiopia

Regions of Ethiopia

Ecoregions of Ethiopia

List of ecoregions in Ethiopia

Administrative divisions of Ethiopia

Administrative divisions of Ethiopia

Regions of Ethiopia

Regions of Ethiopia

• Afar
• Amhara
• Benishangul-Gumuz
• Gambela
• Harari
• Oromia
• Somali
• Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People's Region
• Tigray

Zones of Ethiopia

Zones of Ethiopia

Municipalities of Ethiopia

• Capital of Ethiopia: Addis Ababa
• Cities of Ethiopia

Demography of Ethiopia

Demographics of Ethiopia

Government and politics of Ethiopia

• Form of government: federal parliamentary republic
• Capital of Ethiopia: Addis Ababa
• Elections in Ethiopia
• Political parties in Ethiopia

Branches of the government of Ethiopia

Government of Ethiopia

Executive branch of the government of Ethiopia

• Head of state - President of Ethiopia, Mulatu Teshome
• Head of government - Prime Minister of Ethiopia, Hailemariam Desalegn
• Council of Ministers
  • Prime Minister of Ethiopia - Hailemariam Desalegn
  • Deputy Prime Ministers of Ethiopia - Debretsion Gebremichael, Demeke Mekonnen, Muktar Kedir

1. Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Tewodros Adhanom
2. Ministry of Defense - Siraj Fegesa
3. Ministry of Federal Affairs - Shiferaw Teklemariam
4. Ministry of Justice - Berhan Hailu
5. Ministry of Civil Service - Muktar Kedir
6. Ministry of Finance and Economic Development - Sufian Ahmed
7. Ministry of Agriculture - Tefera Deribew
8. Ministry of Industry - Mekonnen Manyazewal
9. Ministry of Trade and Industry - Kebede Chane
10. Ministry of Science and Technology - Desse Dalke
11. Ministry of Transport - Diriba Kuma
12. Ministry of Communications and Information Technology - Debretsion Gebremichael
13. Ministry of Urban Development and Construction - Mekuria Haile
14. Ministry of Water and Energy - Alemayehu Tegenu
15. Ministry of Mines - Sinkinesh Ejigu
16. Ministry of Education - Demeke Mekonnen
17. Ministry of Health - Keseteberhan Admasu
18. Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs - Abdulfetah Abdulahi Hassen
19. Ministry of Culture and Tourism - Amin Abdulkadir
20. Ministry of Women, Youth and Children’s Affairs - Zenebu Tadesse

Legislative branch of the government of Ethiopia

• Federal Parliamentary Assembly (bicameral)
  • Upper house: House of Federation
  • Lower house: House of People's Representatives

Judicial branch of the government of Ethiopia

Court system of Ethiopia

Foreign relations of Ethiopia

Foreign relations of Ethiopia

• Diplomatic missions in Ethiopia
• Diplomatic missions of Ethiopia
• Foreign aid to Ethiopia

International organization membership

The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia is a member of:

Law and order in Ethiopia

Law of Ethiopia

• Constitution of Ethiopia
• Human rights in Ethiopia
  • LGBT rights in Ethiopia
• Child marriage in Ethiopia
• Law enforcement in Ethiopia

Military of Ethiopia

Military of Ethiopia

• Command
  • Commander-in-chief:
    • Ministry of Defence of Ethiopia
• Forces
  • Army of Ethiopia
  • Navy of Ethiopia
  • Air Force of Ethiopia
• Military history of Ethiopia

Local government in Ethiopia

Local government in Ethiopia

History of Ethiopia

History of Ethiopia

• Current events of Ethiopia
• Economic history of Ethiopia
• Military history of Ethiopia

Culture of Ethiopia

Culture of Ethiopia

• Architecture of Ethiopia
• Cuisine of Ethiopia
  • List of Ethiopian dishes
• Languages of Ethiopia
• Media in Ethiopia
• National symbols of Ethiopia
  • Coat of arms of Ethiopia
  • Flag of Ethiopia
  • National anthem of Ethiopia
• People of Ethiopia
• Prostitution in Ethiopia
• Public holidays in Ethiopia
• Religion in Ethiopia
  • Christianity in Ethiopia
  • Hinduism in Ethiopia
  • Islam in Ethiopia
  • Judaism in Ethiopia
• World Heritage Sites in Ethiopia

Art in Ethiopia

• Cinema of Ethiopia
• Music of Ethiopia

Sports in Ethiopia

Sports in Ethiopia

• Football in Ethiopia
• Ethiopia at the Olympics

Economy and infrastructure of Ethiopia

Economy of Ethiopia

• Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 98th (ninety-eighth)
• Agriculture in Ethiopia
  • Coffee production in Ethiopia
  • Fishing in Ethiopia
  • Forestry in Ethiopia
• Banking in Ethiopia
  • National Bank of Ethiopia
• Communications in Ethiopia
  • Internet in Ethiopia
• Land reform in Ethiopia
• Companies of Ethiopia
• Currency of Ethiopia: Birr
  • ISO 4217: ETB
• Energy in Ethiopia
• Health care in Ethiopia
• Mining in Ethiopia
• Ethiopia Stock Exchange
  • Addis Ababa Stock Exchange
• Tourism in Ethiopia
• Trade unions in Ethiopia
• Transport in Ethiopia
  • Airports in Ethiopia
  • Rail transport in Ethiopia
• Water supply and sanitation in Ethiopia

Education in Ethiopia

• Education in Ethiopia

Health in Ethiopia

• Health in Ethiopia

See also

Ethiopia

• All pages with titles beginning with Ethiopia
• All pages with titles containing Ethiopia
• All pages with titles beginning with Ethiopian
• All pages with titles containing Ethiopian
• Index of Ethiopia-related articles
• List of Ethiopia-related topics
• List of international rankings
• Member state of the United Nations
• Outline of Africa
• Outline of geography

References

External links

Wikimedia Atlas of Ethiopia

Overview

• Rural poverty in Ethiopia (IFAD)

Education

• Addis Ababa University
• Arba Minch University
• Bahir Dar University
• Debub University
• Gondar University
• Haramaya University
• Jimma University
• Mekelle University

Health

• List of Hospitals in Ethiopia

Tourism

• Ethiopia travel guide from Wikivoyage
• Ethiopian Airlines
• Ethiopian Hotels Guide
• Ethiopian Tourism Commission
• Ethiopian Tourism information

Photos

• Ethiopian photogallery

Government

• Official Ethiopian News online
• Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ethiopia
• Walta Information Center
• Aiga Forum

Independent Ethiopian Web sites

• Ethiopian Community Association of Chicago
• EthioTube - Broadcast Ethiopia
• Addis Fortune
• yebbo travel
• Jimma Times
• Capital Ethiopia
• nazret.com
• CyberEthiopia
• Ethioindex
• Ethiopian Discussion Forum
• Made in Ethiopia
• Ethio2k
• Ethiofact
• EthioStartPage
• Ethiotrans
• Ethiopian Millennium
• Ethiopian Cult Information Center(ECIC)
• addisalem.com
• ethiospaces.com

Articles connexes

1. Ethiopia
2. List of Ethiopian and Eritrean dishes and foods
3. Transitional Government of Ethiopia
4. List of country outlines
5. Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church
6. Emperor of Ethiopia
7. Regions of Ethiopia
8. Demographics of Ethiopia
9. Derg
10. Outline of manufacturing
11. Languages of Ethiopia
12. Outline of philosophy
13. History of Ethiopia
14. Foreign relations of Ethiopia
15. Ethiopians
16. Ethiopian historiography
17. National Archives and Library of Ethiopia
18. Second Italo-Ethiopian War
19. Economy of Ethiopia
20. List of emperors of Ethiopia