56th United States Congress


56th United States Congress


The 56th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1899, to March 4, 1901, during the third and fourth years of William McKinley's presidency. The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the 1890 United States census. Both chambers had a Republican majority. There was one African-American member, George Henry White of North Carolina, who served his second and final term as a representative in this Congress, and would be the last black member of Congress until 1928, and the last black member of Congress from the South until 1972.

Major events

  • June 2, 1899: The Filipino Rebellion began the Philippine–American War.
  • November 21, 1899: Vice President Garret Hobart died.
  • January 8, 1900: President McKinley placed Alaska under military rule.
  • January 17, 1900: Brigham H. Roberts was refused a seat in the United States House of Representatives because of his polygamy.
  • February 5, 1900: Britain and the United States signed a treaty for the building of a Central American shipping canal through Nicaragua.
  • February 16, 1900: The United States, Germany and Great Britain ratified the Tripartite Convention partitioning the Samoan Islands.
  • November 6, 1900: U.S. presidential election, 1900: Republican incumbent William McKinley was reelected by defeating Democratic challenger William Jennings Bryan.

Major legislation

  • March 14, 1900: Gold Standard Act, Sess. 1, ch. 41, 31 Stat. 45
  • April 2, 1900: Foraker Act, Sess. 1, ch. 191, 31 Stat. 77 (Puerto Rico Civil Code)

Territory organized

  • April 30, 1900: Hawaii Territory was organized, Sess. 1, ch. 339, 31 Stat. 141

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate

House of Representatives

Leadership

Senate

  • President: Garret Hobart (R), until November 21, 1899; vacant thereafter.
  • President pro tempore: William P. Frye (R)
  • Democratic Caucus Chairman: James K. Jones
  • Republican Conference Chairman: William B. Allison
  • Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Stephen M. White

House of Representatives

  • Speaker: David B. Henderson (R)
  • Democratic Caucus Chairman: James Hay
  • Republican Conference Chairman: Joseph G. Cannon
  • Republican Campaign Committee Chairman: Joseph W. Babcock

Majority (Republican) leadership

  • Majority Leader: Sereno E. Payne
  • Majority Whip: James A. Tawney

Minority (Democratic) leadership

  • Minority Leader: James D. Richardson
  • Minority Whip: Oscar Underwood

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

At this time, Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1904; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1900; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1902.

House of Representatives

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

  • Replacements: 7
    • Democratic: no net change
    • Republican: 1 seat loss
    • Populist: 1 seat gain
  • Deaths: 3
  • Resignations: 1
  • Vacancies: 5
  • Interim appointments: 2
  • Total seats with changes: 9

House of Representatives

  • Replacements: 21
    • Democratic: 5 seat loss
    • Republican: 5 seat gain
    • Populist: no net change
  • Deaths: 12
  • Resignations: 7
  • Contested election: 3
  • New seats: 1
  • Total seats with changes: 26

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders for members of the House and Senate committees can be found through the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of this article. The directory after the pages of terms of service lists committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and, after that, House/Senate committee assignments. On the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

  • Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)
  • Disposition of (Useless) Executive Papers
  • The Library
  • Printing

Caucuses

  • Democratic (House)
  • Democratic (Senate)

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

  • Architect of the Capitol: Edward Clark
  • Librarian of Congress: John Russell Young, until 1899
    • Herbert Putnam, from 1899
  • Public Printer of the United States: Francis W. Palmer

Senate

  • Chaplain: William H. Millburn (Methodist)
  • Secretary: William Ruffin Cox, until February 1, 1900
    • Charles G. Bennett, elected February 1, 1900
  • Librarian: Alonzo M. Church
  • Sergeant at Arms: Richard J. Bright, until February 1, 1900
    • Daniel M. Ransdell, elected February 1, 1900

House of Representatives

  • Chaplain: Henry N. Couden (Universalist)
  • Clerk: Alexander McDowell
  • Clerk at the Speaker's Table: Asher C. Hinds
  • Doorkeeper: William J. Glenn
  • Postmaster: Joseph C. McElroy
  • Reading Clerks: E. L. Sampson (D) and Dennis E. Alward (R)
  • Sergeant at Arms: Benjamin F. Russell, until December 4, 1899
    • Henry Casson, from December 4, 1899

See also

  • 1898 United States elections (elections leading to this Congress)
    • 1898–99 United States Senate elections
    • 1898 United States House of Representatives elections
  • 1900 United States elections (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
    • 1900 United States presidential election
    • 1900–01 United States Senate elections
    • 1900 United States House of Representatives elections

References

  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.

External links

  • Statutes at Large, 1789-1875
  • Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
  • U.S. House of Representatives: Congressional History
  • U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists
  • Official Congressional Directory for the 56th Congress, 1st Session.
  • Official Congressional Directory for the 56th Congress, 1st Session (1st Revision).
  • Official Congressional Directory for the 56th Congress, 1st Session (2nd Revision).
  • Official Congressional Directory for the 56th Congress, 2nd Session.
  • Official Congressional Directory for the 56th Congress, 2nd Session (Revision).

Text submitted to CC-BY-SA license. Source: 56th United States Congress by Wikipedia (Historical)

Articles connexes
  1. List of United States Congresses
  2. List of United States federal legislation
  3. 1899 United States House of Representatives elections
  4. List of United States senators in the 56th Congress
  5. List of United States federal legislation, 1789–1901
  6. 1898 United States House of Representatives elections
  7. Party divisions of United States Congresses
  8. 1898 United States elections
  9. List of members of the United States House of Representatives in the 56th Congress by seniority
  10. 1900–01 United States Senate elections
  11. List of youngest members of the United States Congress
  12. 1898–99 United States Senate elections
  13. 1900 United States House of Representatives elections
  14. People's Party (United States)
  15. Unseated members of the United States Congress
  16. List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives
  17. 1900 State of the Union Address
  18. John D. Bellamy
  19. United States Army
  20. Lacey Act of 1900



 


Bjorn Borg

Owlapps.net - since 2012 - Les chouettes applications du hibou