This is a partial list of the identified hereditary rulers on the Indonesian island Java, and the adjacent island Madura.
Included are some states and rulers whose existence remain open to conjecture, due to inadequate historical evidence, while others are historically verifiable. Some rulers are also considered to be mythical in that although evidence is available to claim their places in various royal family trees, there are no independent items of corroborating evidence to clarify their existence.
Some of these have continued as titular entities after the achievement of Indonesian independence in 1945.
Ruler of Jawadwipa
Dewawarman (fl. 132)
Rulers of Tarumanagara
Pinabahu (4th–5th centuries)
Purnawarman (early 5th century) [grandson?]
Po Tuo Jia (fl. 424)
Dwarawarman (?) (fl. 435)
Rulers of Sunda
Jayabhupati (fl. 1030)
Prabu Maharaja Wangsa (?–1357)
Hyang Bunisora (regent 1357–?)
Prabu Niskalawastu Kancana [son of Prabu Maharaja Wangsa]
Rahyang Dewa Niskala [son]
Sri Baduga Maharaja (1482–1521) [son]
Prabu Surawisesa [son]
Prabu Ratudewata
Sang Ratu Saksi
Tohaan di Majaya
Nusiya Mulya (c. 1559/67–1579)
The Sunda Kingdom was conquered by Banten
Rulers of ancient Java
Queen Shima (queen, fl. 674)
Sanna (c. 700)
Sanjaya (Sang Ratu i Halu) (fl. 732) [nephew]
Rakai Panangkaran (746–784)
Rakai Panungalan (784–803)
Samaragrawira (Rakai Warak Dyah Manara) (803–827)
Dyah Gula (827–828)
Rakai Patapan (828–847)
Rakai Pikatan (847–855)
Kayuwangi Dyah Lokapala (855–885)
Dyah Tagwas (885)
Rake Panumwangan Dyah Dewendra (885–887)
Rake Gurunwangi Dyah Bhadra (887)
Rake Wungkal Humalang Dyah Jbang (894–898)
Rake Watukara, Balitung (898–c. 910) [son?]
Rake Hino, Daksa (fl. 913–915) [brother-in-law?]
Rakai Layang, Tulodong (fl. 919–921) [son of Balitung]
Rake Pangkaya, Wawa (fl. 927–928)
Rake Hino, Sindok (fl. 929–947) [grandson of Daksa?]
Śri Iśanatunggawijaya (10th century) [son]
Makutawamśa Anantawikrama (?–c. 990/1) [son]
Dharmawamśa Anantawikrama (c. 990/1–1016) [son?]
Airlangga 1019–1042; died 1049 [son-in-law]
The Javanese kingdom is split into Janggala and Kediri
Shailendra dynasty
Bhanu (fl. 732)
Wishnu, Dharmatungga (before 775–782) [son?]
Indra, Sangramadhanamjaya (782?–812?) [son?]
Samaratungga (812?–832?) [son]
Balaputradewa (c. 832–855) [son]
The dynasty continues to rule Śriwijaya on Sumatra
Rulers in ancient East Java
Dewasimha (7th or 8th century)
Gajayana (8th century) [son]
A[ ... ]nana (fl. 760) [grandson]
Rulers of Janggala
Mapanji Garasakan (1042–1052) [son of Airlangga]
Mapanji Alanjung Ahyes (1052–c. 1059) [brother]
Samarotsaha (fl. 1059) [brother]
Rulers of Kediri
Samarawijaya (1042–?) [son of Airlangga]
Jayawarsa (fl. 1104)
Bameśwara (fl. 1117–1130)
Jayabhaya (fl. 1135–1157)
Sarwweśwara (fl. 1159–1161)
Aryyeśwara (fl. 1171–1174?)
Kroncaryyadipa, Gandra (fl. 1181)
Kameśwara (fl. 1182?–1185)
Kertajaya, Dangdang Gendis (before 1194–1222)
Kediri is taken over by Singasari 1222–1292
Jayakatwang (1292–1293)
Rulers of Singhasari
Ken Angrok, Rajasa (1222–1227)
Anuśapati, Panji Anengah (1227–1248) [stepson]
Panji Tohjaya (1248) [son of Ken Angrok]
Ranggawuni, Wisnuwardhana (1248–1268) [son of Anuśapati]
Adikara I (1685–1708) [son-in-law of Yudanegara of Sumenep]
Adikara II (1708–1737) [son]
Adikara III (1737–1743) [brother]
Adikara IV (1743–1750) [son of Adikara II]
Adiningrat (1750–1752) [son]
Aria Cakraadiningrat I, R. Alsari (1752–1800) [son of Adikara III]
Aria Cakraadiningrat II, R. Alsana (1800–1804) [brother]
Panembahan Mangku Adiningrat (1804–1842) [son of Cakraningrat VII of Madura]
Pangeran Aria Suriokusumo (1842–1853) [grandson]
See also
Isyana dynasty
Kingdom of Pajang
Kingdoms of Sunda
Rajasa dynasty
Sanjaya dynasty
Sultanate of Banten
Sultanate of Demak
Sultanate of Cirebon
Yogyakarta Sultanate
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