The 2016 United States House of Representatives elections were held on November 8, 2016, to elect representatives for all 435 congressional districts across each of the 50 U.S. states to the 115th United States Congress. Non-voting members for the District of Columbia and territories of the United States were also elected. These elections coincided with the election of President Donald Trump, although his party lost seats in both chambers of Congress. The winners of this election served in the 115th Congress, with seats apportioned among the states based on the 2010 United States census. In October 2015, the House elected a new Speaker, Republican Paul Ryan, who was re-elected in the new term. Democrat Nancy Pelosi continued to lead her party as Minority Leader. Elections were also held on the same day for the U.S. Senate, many governors, and other state and local elections.

Democrats gained 6 seats in this election, although Republicans narrowly won the popular vote and won a 241–194 majority. Republicans suffered net losses in both houses of Congress, despite winning the presidency, a first for either party since the 2000 elections. This was also the first election since 2000 in which the winning presidential party lost House seats.

As of 2022, this is the last time Republicans won a majority of seats in Colorado, Virginia, Michigan and Pennsylvania, and the most recent election cycle in which Republicans won a House seat in Maine or any state in the New England region, or won every house seat in Kansas.

Results summary

Federal

Source: "Election Statistics – Office of the Clerk". Note: does not include blank and over/under votes which were included in the official results.

Per states

Maps

Retiring incumbents

Forty-two Representatives declined to seek re-election in 2016, divided into eighteen Democrats and twenty-four Republicans.

Democrats

Eighteen Democrats retired.

1. Arizona 1: Ann Kirkpatrick retired to run for U.S. Senator.
2. California 20: Sam Farr retired.
3. California 24: Lois Capps retired.
4. California 44: Janice Hahn retired to run for the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors.
5. California 46: Loretta Sanchez retired to run for U.S. Senator.
6. Delaware at-large: John Carney retired to run for Governor of Delaware.
7. Florida 2: Gwen Graham retired.
8. Florida 9: Alan Grayson retired to run for U.S. Senator.
9. Florida 18: Patrick Murphy retired to run for U.S. Senator.
10. Hawaii 1: Mark Takai died July 20, 2016, having already announced his planned retirement.
11. Illinois 8: Tammy Duckworth retired to run for U.S. Senator.
12. Maryland 4: Donna Edwards retired to run for U.S. Senator.
13. Maryland 8: Chris Van Hollen retired to run for U.S. Senator.
14. New York 3: Steve Israel retired.
15. New York 13: Charles Rangel retired.
16. Puerto Rico at-large: Pedro Pierluisi retired to run for Governor of Puerto Rico.
17. Texas 15: Rubén Hinojosa retired.
18. Washington 7: Jim McDermott retired.

Republicans

Twenty-four Republicans retired.

1. Arizona 5: Matt Salmon retired.
2. Florida 1: Jeff Miller retired.
3. Florida 4: Ander Crenshaw retired.
4. Florida 11: Rich Nugent retired.
5. Florida 19: Curt Clawson retired.
6. Georgia 3: Lynn Westmoreland retired.
7. Indiana 3: Marlin Stutzman retired to run for U.S. Senator.
8. Indiana 9: Todd Young retired to run for U.S. Senator.
9. Kentucky 1: Ed Whitfield resigned September 6, 2016, having previously announced his planned retirement.
10. Louisiana 3: Charles Boustany retired to run for U.S. Senator.
11. Louisiana 4: John Fleming retired to run for U.S. Senator.
12. Michigan 1: Dan Benishek retired.
13. Michigan 10: Candice Miller retired.
14. Minnesota 2: John Kline retired.
15. Nevada 3: Joe Heck retired to run for U.S. Senator.
16. New York 19: Chris Gibson retired.
17. New York 22: Richard Hanna retired.
18. Pennsylvania 16: Joe Pitts retired.
19. Tennessee 8: Stephen Fincher retired.
20. Texas 19: Randy Neugebauer retired.
21. Virginia 2: Scott Rigell retired.
22. Virginia 5: Robert Hurt retired.
23. Wisconsin 8: Reid Ribble retired.
24. Wyoming at-large: Cynthia Lummis retired.

Incumbents defeated

In primary elections

Democrats

1. Florida 5: Corrine Brown lost renomination to Al Lawson; the 5th district was redrawn in 2016 due to a court order
2. Pennsylvania 2: Chaka Fattah lost renomination to Dwight E. Evans. Subsequently, resigned on June 23, 2016.

Republicans

1. Kansas 1: Tim Huelskamp lost renomination to Roger Marshall.
2. North Carolina 2: Renee Ellmers lost renomination to fellow incumbent George Holding after court-ordered redistricting forced them into the same district.
3. Virginia 2: Randy Forbes lost renomination to Scott Taylor after running in a new district following court-ordered redistricting.

In the general election

The Democrats had a net gain of five seats, taken from Republicans.

Democrats

One Democrat lost re-election to a fellow Democrat.

1. California 17: Mike Honda lost to Ro Khanna.

One Democrat lost re-election to a Republican.

1. Nebraska 2: Brad Ashford lost to Don Bacon.

Republicans

Six Republicans lost re-election to Democrats.

1. Florida 7: John Mica lost to Stephanie Murphy.
2. Florida 13: David Jolly lost to Charlie Crist.
3. Illinois 10: Bob Dold lost to Brad Schneider.
4. Nevada 4: Cresent Hardy lost to Ruben Kihuen.
5. New Hampshire 1: Frank Guinta lost to Carol Shea-Porter.
6. New Jersey 5: Scott Garrett lost to Josh Gottheimer.

Open seats that changed parties

Democrats had a net gain of one seat in which the incumbent was not on the ballot.

Democratic seats

One open seat was lost.

1. Florida 18: Patrick Murphy (D) retired to run for Senate. Seat won by Brian Mast (R).

One open seat was lost as a result of redistricting.

1. Florida 2: Gwen Graham (D) retired. Seat won by Neal Dunn (R).

Republican seats

One open seat was lost.

1. Nevada 3: Joe Heck (R) retired to run for Senate. Seat won by Jacky Rosen. (D).

Two open seats were lost as a result of redistricting.

1. Florida 10: Daniel Webster (R) instead ran in the 11th district. Seat won by Val Demings (D).
2. Virginia 4: J. Randy Forbes (R) instead ran in the 2nd district. Seat won by Don McEachin (D).

Closest races

Thirty-five races were decided by 10% or lower.

Election ratings

Primary dates

This table shows the primary dates for regularly-scheduled elections. It also shows the type of primary. In an "open" primary, any registered voter can vote in any party's primary. In a "closed" primary, only voters registered with a specific party can vote in that party's primary. In a "top-two" primary, all candidates run against each other regardless of party affiliation, and the top two candidates advance to the second round of voting (in Louisiana, a candidate can win the election by winning a majority of the vote in the first round). All of the various other primary types are classified as "hybrid." Alaska in 2008 provides one example of a hybrid primary: the Democratic Party allowed unaffiliated voters to vote in its primary, while the Republican Party only allowed party members to vote in its primary.

^RIndicates a state that requires primary run-off elections under certain conditions.

Special elections

These elections were for the remainder of the term ending January 3, 2017. Sorted by date, then by state, then by district.

Alabama

Alaska

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Hawaii

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

Non-voting delegates

See also

• 2016 United States elections
  • 2016 United States gubernatorial elections
  • 2016 United States presidential election
  • 2016 United States Senate elections
• 114th United States Congress
• 115th United States Congress

Notes

References

Articles connexes

1. 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in New York
2. 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Colorado
3. 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in California
4. 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania
5. 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Virginia
6. 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Florida
7. 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan
8. 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Kentucky
9. 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio
10. 2018 United States House of Representatives elections
11. 2010 United States House of Representatives elections
12. 2020 United States House of Representatives elections
13. 2024 United States House of Representatives elections
14. 1964 United States House of Representatives elections
15. 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Wisconsin
16. 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in New York
17. 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa
18. 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Georgia
19. 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona
20. 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Illinois