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Heliconius

Heliconius es un género de insectos lepidópteros de la familia Nymphalidae. Se distribuye por los trópicos y subtrópicos del Nuevo Mundo.

Muchas especies presentan mimetismo con otras especies del mismo género. Por eso han sido objeto de estudios evolutivos, especialmente estudios de mimetismo batesiano y mülleriano.^[1]

Especies

Relación de especies.^[2]^[3]^[4]

Heliconius Kluk, 1802
- Heliconius antiochus (Linnaeus, 1767)
  - Heliconius antiochus antiochus (Linnaeus, 1767)
  - Heliconius antiochus alba Riffarth
  - Heliconius antiochus aranea (Fabricius)
  - Heliconius antiochus salvinii Dewitz
- Heliconius astraea Staudinger, 1897
- Heliconius atthis Doubleday, 1847
- Heliconius beskei Ménétriés, 1857
- Heliconius burneyi (Hübner, 1816)
  - Heliconius burneyi burneyi (Hübner, 1816)
  - Heliconius burneyi catharinae Staudinger
  - Heliconius burneyi nuebneri Staudinger
  - Heliconius burneyi lindigii Felder
  - Heliconius burneyi serpensis Kaye
- Heliconius choarina Hewitson, 1872
- Heliconius congenor Weymer, 1890
- Heliconius crispinus Kruger
- Heliconius charithonia (Linnaeus, 1767)
  - Heliconius charithonia charithonia (Linnaeus, 1767)
  - Heliconius charithonia peruviana Felder
  - Heliconius charithonia punctata Hall
  - Heliconius charithonia simulator Rober
  - Heliconius charithonia tuckeri Comstock & Brown, 1950
  - Heliconius charithonia vasquezae Comstock & Brown, 1950
- Heliconius cydno (Doubleday, 1847)
  - Heliconius cydno cydno Doubleday, 1847
  - Heliconius cydno alithea Hewitson
  - Heliconius cydno chioneus Bates, 1864
  - Heliconius cydno galanthus Bates, 1864
  - Heliconius cydno wernickei Weymer
  - Heliconius cydno weymeri Staudinger
  - Heliconius cydno zelinde Butler
- Heliconius clysonymus Latreille, 1817
  - Heliconius clysonymus clysonymus Latreille, 1817
  - Heliconius clysonymus fischeri Fassl
  - Heliconius clysonymus hygiana Hewitson
  - Heliconius clysonymus montanus Salvin, 1871
  - Heliconius clysonymus semirubra
- Heliconius demeter Staudinger, 1897
  - Heliconius demeter demeter Staudinger
  - Heliconius demeter beebei Turner
  - Heliconius demeter bouqueti Nöldner
  - Heliconius demeter eratosignis Joicey & Talbot
  - Heliconius demeter turneri Brown & Benson
- Heliconius doris (Linnaeus, 1771) (antes Laparus doris)
- Heliconius egeria (Cramer, 1775)
  - Heliconius egeria egeria (Cramer, 1775)
  - Heliconius egeria egerides Staudinger
  - Heliconius egeria hylas Weymer
  - Heliconius egeria homogena Bryk
- Heliconius eleuchia Hewitson, 1853
  - Heliconius eleuchia eleuchia Hewitson, 1853
  - Heliconius eleuchia primularis Butler
  - Heliconius eleuchia eleusinus Staudinger
- Heliconius elevatus Nöldner, 1901
  - Heliconius elevatus elevatus Noldner
  - Heliconius elevatus bari Oberthür
  - Heliconius elevatus schmassmanni Joicey & Talbot
  - Heliconius elevatus perchlora Joicey & Talboe
  - Heliconius elevatus roraima Turner
  - Heliconius elevatus luciana Lichy
  - Heliconius elevatus tumaturnari Kaye
  - Heliconius elevatus pseudocupidineus Neustetter
  - Heliconius elevatus taracuanus Bryk
  - Heliconius elevatus willmotti Neukirchen, 1997
- Heliconius ennius (Weymer, 1891)
- Heliconius erato (Linnaeus, 1764)
  - Heliconius erato erato (Linnaeus, 1764)
  - Heliconius erato amalfreda Riffarth
  - Heliconius erato amphitrite Riffarth
  - Heliconius erato chestertonii Hewitson
  - Heliconius erato cruentus
  - Heliconius erato cyrbia Latreille & Godart
  - Heliconius erato dignus Stichel
  - Heliconius erato estrella Bryk
  - Heliconius erato favorinus Hopffer
  - Heliconius erato hydara Hewitson
  - Heliconius erato lativitta Butler, 1877
  - Heliconius erato meliorina Neusteter
  - Heliconius erato microlea Kaye
  - Heliconius erato notabilis Godman & Salvin
  - Heliconius erato petiveranus Doubleday, 1847
  - Heliconius erato phyllis (Fabricius)
  - Heliconius erato reductimacula Bryk
  - Heliconius erato venus Staudinger
  - Heliconius erato venustus Salvin
- Heliconius ethilla (Godart, 1819)
  - Heliconius ethilla ethilla (Godart, 1819)
  - Heliconius ethilla adela Neustetter
  - Heliconius ethilla aerotome Felder
  - Heliconius ethilla claudia Godman & Salvin
  - Heliconius ethilla eucoma (Hübner)
  - Heliconius ethilla flavomaculatus Weymer
  - Heliconius ethilla metalilus Butler
  - Heliconius ethilla narcaea (Godart)
  - Heliconius ethilla nebulosa Kaye
  - Heliconius ethilla semiflavidus Weymer
  - Heliconius ethilla thielei Riffarth
  - Heliconius ethilla tyndarus Weymer
- Heliconius ethra (Hübner, [1831])
- Heliconius fruhstorferi Riffarth, 1899
- Heliconius hecalesia Hewitson, 1853
  - Heliconius hecalesia hecalesia Hewitson, 1853
  - Heliconius hecalesia eximus Stichel
  - Heliconius hecalesia formosus Bates, 1863
- Heliconius hecale (Fabricius, 1775)
  - Heliconius hecale hecale (Fabricius)
  - Heliconius hecale anderida Hewitson
  - Heliconius hecale barcanti Brown & Yeper
  - Heliconius hecale clearei Hall
  - Heliconius hecale ennuis Weymer
  - Heliconius hecale fornarina Hewitson, 1853
  - Heliconius hecale ithaca Felder
  - Heliconius hecale jucundus Bates
  - Heliconius hecale latus Riffarth
  - Heliconius hecale melicerta Bates
  - Heliconius hecale nigrofasciatus Weymer
  - Heliconius hecale novatus (Bates)
  - Heliconius hecale quitalenus (Hewitson, 1853)
  - Heliconius hecale radiosus Butler
  - Heliconius hecale semiphorus Staudinger
  - Heliconius hecale sisyphus Salvin
  - Heliconius hecale styx Niepelt
  - Heliconius hecale vetustus (Butler)
  - Heliconius hecale vittatus Butler
  - Heliconius hecale xanthicles Bates
  - Heliconius hecale zuleika Hewitson, 1854
- Heliconius hecuba (Hewitson, [1858])
- Heliconius heliconoides (Felder)
- Heliconius hermathena (Hewitson, 1853)
  - Heliconius hermathena hermathena (Hewitson, 1853)
  - Heliconius hermathena vereatta Stichel
- Heliconius heurippa (Hewitson, 1853)
- Heliconius hewitsoni Staudinger, 1875
- Heliconius hierax Hewitson, 1869
- Heliconius himera Hewitson, 1867
- Heliconius hortense Guérin, 1829
- Heliconius ismenius Latreille, 1817
  - Heliconius ismenius ismenius Latreille, 1817
  - Heliconius ismenius telchinia Doubleday, 1847
  - Heliconius ismenius clarescens Butler, 1875
  - Heliconius ismenius occidentalis Neustetter
  - Heliconius ismenius immoderata Stichel
  - Heliconius ismenius fasciatus Godman & Salvin
- Heliconius leucadia (Bates, 1862) – Leucadia Longwing
  - Heliconius leucadia leucadia (Bates)
  - Heliconius leucadia pseudorhea Staudinger, 1896
- Heliconius melpomene (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Heliconius metaphorus Weymer, 1883
- Heliconius nattereri Felder, 1865
- Heliconius numata (Cramer, 1780)
  - Heliconius numata numata (Cramer)
  - Heliconius numata aristiona Hewitson, 1853
  - Heliconius numata silvana (Cramer)
  - Heliconius numata superioris Butler
  - Heliconius numata isabellinus Bates
  - Heliconius numata peeblesi Joicey
  - Heliconius numata talboti Joicey & Kaye
  - Heliconius numata leopardus Weymer
  - Heliconius numata messene Felder
  - Heliconius numata euphone Felder
  - Heliconius numata zobrysi Fruhstorfer
- Heliconius pachinus Salvin, 1871
- Heliconius pardalinus (Bates, 1862)
  - Heliconius pardalinus pardalinus (Bates)
  - Heliconius pardalinus butleri Brown, 1975
- Heliconius procula (Doubleday)
- Heliconius ricini (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Heliconius sara (Fabricius, 1793)
  - Heliconius sara sara (Fabricius, 1793)
  - Heliconius sara brevimaculata Staudinger
  - Heliconius sara fulgidus Stichel, 1906
  - Heliconius sara theudela Hewitson, 1874
  - Heliconius sara theudda Hewitson
  - Heliconius sara apseudes (Hübner, 1806)
  - Heliconius sara sprucei Bates, 1864
  - Heliconius sara thamar (Hübner, 1806)
  - Heliconius sara veraepacis Stichel
- Heliconius sapho (Drury, 1782)
  - Heliconius sapho sapho (Drury, 1782)
  - Heliconius sapho leuce Doubleday, 1847
- Heliconius sergestus (Weymer, 1894)
- Heliconius telesiphe Doubleday, 1847 –
  - Heliconius telesiphe telesiphe Doubleday, 1847
  - Heliconius telesiphe sotericus (Salvin)
  - Heliconius telesiphe nivea Kaye
- Heliconius timareta (Hewitson, 1867)
- Heliconius vicini (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Heliconius wallacei Reakirt, 1866 –
  - Heliconius wallacei wallacei Reakirt, 1866
  - Heliconius wallacei flavescens Weymer
  - Heliconius wallacei clytia Cramer
  - Heliconius wallacei kayi Neustetter
  - Heliconius wallacei elsa Riffarth
- Heliconius xanthocles Bates, 1862
  - Heliconius xanthocles xanthocles Bates, 1862
  - Heliconius xanthocles melete Felder
  - Heliconius xanthocles mellitus Staudinger
  - Heliconius xanthocles caternaulti Oberthür
  - Heliconius xanthocles melior Staudinger

Referencias

Holzinger (H. & R.), 1994 - Heliconius and related genera, Sciences Nat, Venette, pp. 1-328, pl. 1-51 [1]
Kapan, D. D. (2001). Three-butterfly system provides a field test of mullerian mimicry. Nature, 409, 338-340.
Kronforst, M. R., L. G. Young, L. M. Blume, and L. E. Gilbert. (2006). Multilocus analyses of admixture and introgression among hybridizing Heliconius butterflies. Evolution, 60, 1254-1268.
Mallet, J., Beltrán, M., Neukirchen, W., & Linares, M. (2007). Natural hybridization in heliconiine butterflies: the species boundary as a continuum. BMC Evol Biol, 7, 28-28. abstract Archivado el 18 de enero de 2016 en Wayback Machine.

Enlaces externos

Heliconius Research Worldwide
Tree of Life: Heliconius
Heliconius charitonia, zebra longwing on the UF / IFAS Featured Creatures Web site

Text submitted to CC-BY-SA license. Source: Heliconius by Wikipedia (Historical)

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