List of freshwater fish of Japan


List of freshwater fish of Japan


This list of freshwater fish recorded in Japan is primarily based on the IUCN Red List, which, for fish found in inland waters, details the conservation status of some two hundred and sixty-one species, seventy-three of them endemic. Of these, one is assessed as extinct in the wild (the endemic Black kokanee), seven as critically endangered (the Sakhalin sturgeon, Chinese sturgeon, Sakhalin taimen, and endemic Tango stripe spined loach, Kissing loach, Cave goby, and Urauchi-isohaze), twenty as endangered, twelve as vulnerable, ten as near threatened, one hundred and seventy-nine as of least concern, and thirty-two as data deficient. This total includes species such as the Immaculate puffer, which, according to the IUCN Red List, may be characterized as a "marine species which occurs in estuaries...but is not dependent on these systems".

According to statistics accompanying the 2020 Japanese Ministry of the Environment (MoE) Red List, and the 2014 Red Data Book, approximately four hundred species and subspecies of freshwater fish and brackish water fish are to be found, but the conservation status of only two hundred and forty-five is detailed. Of these, three taxa are extinct from a domestic perspective (the Green sturgeon, Short ninespine stickleback, and endemic Suwa gudgeon), one extinct in the wild (the endemic Black kokanee), seventy-one critically endangered, fifty-four endangered, forty-four vulnerable, thirty-five near threatened, and thirty-seven data deficient. As of January 2021, for their protection, ten species and subspecies have been designated National Endangered Species by Cabinet Order in accordance with the 1992 Act on Conservation of Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.

A 2017 study, drawing on the 2013 edition of Fishes of Japan (日本産魚類検索), edited by Nakabo Tetsuji, and the 2001 edition of Freshwater Fishes of Japan (日本の淡水魚), edited by Kawanabe Hiroya, and including only those that "largely spend their lives in freshwater or diadromous fishes that reproduce in freshwater", but excluding those of the Ryūkyū Islands, lists some one hundred and eighty-one taxa, thirty-one of which, though they may have an established Japanese name and be written about at some length, are yet to be formally described, and as yet have no scientific binomial or trinomial. As for the inland water fishes of the Ryūkyūs, a 2014 checklist detailed some 678 species, in 110 families, and 27 orders, but of these, 334 are primarily marine species "but accidentally migrate to inland waters", with a further 229 estuarine species (143 residential, 86 peripheral), 59 species being fluvial, and 56 diadromous. In addition, it is noted that most of the fluvial species on Okinawa Island are alien. A 1998 study, drawing on earlier editions of the above works by Nakabo and Kawanabe, lists 211 taxa nationwide, in 35 families, and 15 orders, comprising 134 fluvial and lacustrine fishes (63%) and 77 diadromous fishes (37%), including 88 endemics (41%) and 23 exotics (11%).

As of the 7 July 2021 update, Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes returns three hundred and forty species records for freshwater fishes of Japan, excluding synonyms unless valid as a subspecies, and four hundred and thirty-two brackish water fishes, one hundred and ninety-two records representing those found in both systems, one hundred and fifty-six of which are also found in marine environments.

Other than the lampreys with which the list begins, which are jawless fish, all orders are within the clade Actinopterygii, ray-finned fishes.

Order: Petromyzontiformes

  • Family: Petromyzontidae
    • Genus: Entosphenus
      • Pacific lamprey, Entosphenus tridentatus
    • Genus: Lethenteron
      • Arctic lamprey, Lethenteron camtschaticum LC IUCN (MoE: VU (as Lethenteron japonicum))
      • Siberian brook lamprey, Lethenteron kessleri (MoE: NT)
      • Far Eastern brook lamprey, Lethenteron reissneri LC IUCN

Order: Acipenseriformes

  • Family: Acipenseridae
    • Genus: Acipenser
      • Green sturgeon, Acipenser medirostris NT IUCN (MoE: EX)
      • Sakhalin sturgeon, Acipenser mikadoi CR IUCN
      • Chinese sturgeon, Acipenser sinensis CR IUCN

Order: Anguilliformes

  • Family: Anguillidae
    • Genus: Anguilla
      • Shortfin eel, Anguilla bicolor NT IUCN
        • Indian shortfin eel, A. b. pacifica (MoE: DD)
      • Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica EN IUCN (MoE: EN)
      • Marbled eel, Anguilla marmorata LC IUCN
  • Family: Muraenesocidae
    • Genus: Muraenesox
      • Daggertooth pike conger, Muraenesox cinereus LC IUCN
  • Family: Muraenidae
    • Genus: Echidna
      • Pink-lipped moray eel, Echidna rhodochilus (MoE: CR)
    • Genus: Uropterygius
      • Brown moray eel, Uropterygius concolor LC IUCN (MoE: CR)

Order: Atheriniformes

  • Family: Atherinidae
    • Genus: Atherinomorus
      • Tropical silverside, Atherinomorus duodecimalis LC IUCN (MoE: DD)
    • Genus: Hypoatherina
      • Samoan silverside, Hypoatherina temminckii LC IUCN (MoE: DD)
  • Family: Atherinopsidae
    • Genus: Odontesthes
      • Argentinian silverside, Odontesthes bonariensis (introduced)

Order: Aulopiformes

  • Family: Synodontidae
    • Genus: Saurida
      • Clouded lizardfish, Saurida nebulosa LC IUCN

Order: Beloniformes

  • Family: Adrianichthyidae
    • Genus: Oryzias
      • Japanese rice fish, Oryzias latipes LC IUCN (endemic) (MoE: VU)
      • Kitanomedaka, Oryzias sakaizumii LC IUCN (endemic) (MoE: VU)
  • Family: Hemiramphidae
    • Genus: Hyporhamphus
      • Asian pencil halfbeak, Hyporhamphus intermedius (MoE: NT)
  • Family: Zenarchopteridae
    • Genus: Zenarchopterus
      • Duncker's river garfish, Zenarchopterus dunckeri LC IUCN (MoE: NT)

Order: Callionymiformes

  • Family: Callionymidae
    • Genus: Pseudocalliurichthys
      • Ryukyu ruddertail dragonet, Pseudocalliurichthys ikedai (MoE: DD)

Order: Clupeiformes

  • Family: Clupeidae
    • Genus: Clupea
      • Pacific herring, Clupea pallasii DD IUCN
  • Family: Engraulidae
    • Genus: Coilia
      • Japanese grenadier anchovy, Coilia nasus EN IUCN (MoE: EN)
    • Genus: Nematalosa
      • Western Pacific gizzard shad, Nematalosa come LC IUCN
      • Japanese gizzard shad, Nematalosa japonica LC IUCN (MoE: EN)
      • Bloch's gizzard shad, Nematalosa nasus LC IUCN
    • Genus: Thryssa
      • Baelama anchovy, Thryssa baelama LC IUCN

Order: Cypriniformes

  • Family: Cobitidae
    • Genus: Cobitis
      • Japanese striped loach, Cobitis biwae
      • Ajime loach, Cobitis delicata LC IUCN (endemic) (MoE: VU (as Niwaella delicata))
      • Ariake stripe spined loach, Cobitis kaibarai VU IUCN (endemic) (MoE: EN)
      • Large stripe spined loach, Cobitis magnostriata EN IUCN (endemic) (MoE: EN)
      • Yamato spined loach, Cobitis matsubarae LC IUCN (endemic) (MoE: VU)
      • Cobitis melanoleuca LC IUCN
      • Small stripe spined loach, Cobitis minamorii NT IUCN (endemic)
        • Sanyōkogatasuji-shimadojō, C. m. minamorii (MoE: CR)
        • Biwakogatasuji-shimadojō, C. m. oumiensis (MoE: EN)
        • Saninkogatasuji-shimadojō, C. m. saninensis (MoE: EN)
        • Tokaikogatasuji-shimadojō, C. m. tokaiensis (MoE: EN)
        • Yodokogatasuji-shimadojō, C. m. yodoensis (MoE: CR)
      • Oyodo stripe spined loach, Cobitis sakahoko EN IUCN (endemic) (MoE: EN)
      • Dwarf gravel loach, Cobitis shikokuensis VU IUCN (endemic) (MoE: EN)
      • Namisuji-shimadojō, Cobitis striata 
        • Ongasuji-shimadojō, C. s. fuchigamii (MoE: EN)
        • Hakatasuji-shimadojō, C. s. hakataensis (MoE: CR)
        • Chūgatasuji-shimadojō, C. s. striata (MoE: VU)
      • Secret loach, Cobitis takatsuensis NT IUCN (endemic) (MoE: EN)
      • Tango stripe spined loach, Cobitis takenoi CR IUCN (endemic) (MoE: CR)
    • Genus: Misgurnus
      • Pond loach, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus LC IUCN (MoE: NT)
    • Genus: Parabotia
      • Kissing loach, Parabotia curtus CR IUCN (endemic) (MoE: CR)
  • Family: Cyprinidae
    • Genus: Abbottina
      • Chinese false gudgeon, Abbottina rivularis (endemic) (MoE: EN)
    • Genus: Acheilognathus
      • Striped bitterling, Acheilognathus cyanostigma EN IUCN (endemic) (MoE: CR)
      • Deepbodied bitterling, Acheilognathus longipinnis EN IUCN (endemic) (MoE: CR)
      • Giant Chinese bitterling, Acheilognathus macropterus DD IUCN (introduced)
      • Genuine bitterling, Acheilognathus melanogaster VU IUCN (endemic) (MoE: EN)
      • Flat bitterling, Acheilognathus rhombeus
      • Tabira bitterling, Acheilognathus tabira NT IUCN (endemic)
        • Red tabira bitterling, A. t. erythropterus (MoE: EN)
        • Southern red tabira bitterling, A. t. jordani (MoE: CR)
        • Blotched tabira bitterling, A. t. nakamurae (MoE: CR)
        • White tabira bitterling, A. t. tabira (MoE: EN)
        • Northern red tabira bitterling, A. t. tohokuensis (MoE: EN)
      • Metallic bitterling, Acheilognathus typus VU IUCN (endemic) (MoE: CR)
    • Genus: Aphyocypris
      • Chinese bleak, Aphyocypris chinensis LC IUCN (MoE: CR)
    • Genus: Biwia
      • Yodo gudgeon, Biwia yodoensis EN IUCN (endemic) (MoE: EN)
      • Biwa gudgeon, Biwia zezera LC IUCN (endemic) (MoE: VU)
    • Genus: Carassius
      • Goldfish, Carassius auratus LC IUCN
        • Round crucian carp, C. a. grandoculis (endemic) (MoE: EN (as Carassius buergeri grandoculis))
      • Japanese white crucian carp, Carassius cuvieri EN IUCN (MoE: EN)
      • Japanese silver crucian carp, Carassius langsdorfii
    • Genus: Ctenopharyngodon
      • Grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (introduced)
    • Genus: Cyprinus
      • Common carp, Cyprinus carpio VU IUCN
      • Amur carp, Cyprinus rubrofuscus LC IUCN (introduced)
    • Genus: Danio
      • Pearl danio, Danio albolineatus LC IUCN (introduced on Okinawa Island)
      • Zebrafish, Danio rerio LC IUCN (introduced on Okinawa Island)
    • Genus: Gnathopogon
      • Biwa moroko gudgeon, Gnathopogon caerulescens EN IUCN (endemic) (MoE: CR)
      • Gnathopogon elongatus (endemic)
        • Field gudgeon, G. e. elongatus
        • Suwa gudgeon, G. e. suwae (MoE: EX)
    • Genus: Hemibarbus
      • Barbel steed, Hemibarbus barbus
      • Zunaganigoi, Hemibarbus longirostris LC IUCN
    • Genus: Hemiculter
      • Sharpbelly, Hemiculter leucisculus LC IUCN
    • Genus: Hemigrammocypris
      • Golden venus fish, Hemigrammocypris neglectus LC IUCN (endemic) (MoE: EN)
    • Genus: Hypophthalmichthys
      • Silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix NT IUCN (introduced)
      • Bighead carp, Hypophthalmichthys nobilis DD IUCN (introduced)
    • Genus: Ischikauia
      • Lakeweed chub, Ischikauia steenackeri EN IUCN (endemic) (MoE: CR)
    • Genus: Mylopharyngodon
      • Black carp, Mylopharyngodon piceus DD IUCN (introduced)
    • Genus: Nipponocypris
      • Numamutsu, Nipponocypris sieboldii
      • Dark chub, Nipponocypris temminckii
    • Genus: Opsariichthys
      • Chinese hook snout carp, Opsariichthys bidens LC IUCN
      • Amur three-lips, Opsariichthys uncirostris
        • Hasu, O. u. uncirostris (MoE: VU)
    • Genus: Paramisgurnus
      • Large-scale loach, Paramisgurnus dabryanus (introduced)
    • Genus: Pseudogobio
      • Pike gudgeon, Pseudogobio esocinus
    • Genus: Pseudorasbora
      • Topmouth gudgeon, Pseudorasbora parva LC IUCN
      • Ushimotsugo minnow, Pseudorasbora pugnax VU IUCN (endemic) (MoE: CR)
      • Shinai topmouth gudgeon, Pseudorasbora pumila EN IUCN (endemic) (MoE: CR)
    • Genus: Pungtungia
      • Black stripe gudgeon, Pungtungia herzi
    • Genus: Rhodeus
      • Kyushu bitterling, Rhodeus atremius NT IUCN (endemic)
        • Kyushu rose bitterling, R. a. atremius (MoE: EN)
        • Suigen rose bitterling, R. a. suigensis (MoE: CR)
      • Rosy bitterling, Rhodeus ocellatus DD IUCN
        • Japanese rose bitterling, R. o. kurumeus (MoE: CR)
        • Rose bitterling, R. o. ocellatus (introduced)
    • Genus: Rhynchocypris
      • Amur minnow, Rhynchocypris lagowskii
        • Japanese fat minnow, R. l. steindachneri
        • Yamanaka minnow, R. l. yamamotis (MoE: DD (as Phoxinus lagowskii yamamotis))
      • Chinese minnow, Rhynchocypris oxycephalus
        • Takahaya, R. o. jouyi
      • Lake minnow, Rhynchocypris percnurus LC IUCN
        • Sakhalin lake minnow, R. p. sachalinensis (MoE: NT (as Phoxinus percnurus sachalinensis))
      • Sakhalin minnow, Rhynchocypris sachalinensis LC IUCN
    • Genus: Sarcocheilichthys
      • Oily gudgeon, Sarcocheilichthys biwaensis EN IUCN (endemic) (MoE: CR)
      • Higai minnow, Sarcocheilichthys variegatus
        • Biwa minnow, S. v. microoculus
        • Kawa-higai, S. v. variegatus (MoE: NT)
    • Genus: Squalidus
      • Khanka gudgeon, Squalidus chankaensis
        • Sugo-moroko, S. c. biwae (MoE: VU)
        • Kōrai-moroko, S. c. tsuchigae
      • Squalidus gracilis
        • Itomoroko, S. g. gracilis
      • Squalidus japonicus
        • Japanese gudgeon, S. j. japonicus (MoE: VU)
    • Genus: Tanakia
      • Slender bitterling, Tanakia lanceolata  (MoE: NT)
      • Oily bitterling, Tanakia limbata LC IUCN (endemic) (MoE: NT)
      • Tokyo bitterling, Tanakia tanago EN IUCN (endemic) (MoE: CR)
    • Genus: Tribolodon
      • Pacific redfin, Tribolodon brandtii
        • Jūsan-ugui, T. b. brandtii
        • Maruta [ja], T. b. maruta
      • Big-scaled redfin, Tribolodon hakonensis
      • Long lowerjaw dace, Tribolodon nakamurai EN IUCN (endemic) (MoE: EN)
      • Rosyface dace, Tribolodon sachalinensis
    • Genus: Zacco
      • Freshwater minnow, Zacco platypus
  • Family: Nemacheilidae
    • Genus: Barbatula
      • Barbatula oreas
      • Siberian stone loach, Barbatula toni
    • Genus: Lefua
      • Japanese eight barbel loach, Lefua echigonia LC IUCN (endemic) (MoE: EN)
      • Ainu eight barbel loach, Lefua nikkonis LC IUCN (endemic) (MoE: EN (as Lefua costata nikkonis))
      • Tōkainagare-hotokedojō, Lefua tokaiensis (endemic) (MoE: EN)
      • Nagare-hotokedojō, Lefua torrentis (endemic) (MoE: EN)

Order: Cyprinodontiformes

  • Family: Poeciliidae
    • Genus: Gambusia
      • Mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis LC IUCN (introduced)
    • Genus: Poecilia
      • Guppy, Poecilia reticulata LC IUCN (introduced)
      • Molly, Poecilia sphenops LC IUCN (introduced in Hokkaidō)
    • Genus: Xiphophorus
      • Green swordtail, Xiphophorus hellerii LC IUCN (introduced)
      • Southern platyfish, Xiphophorus maculatus DD IUCN (introduced on Okinawa Island but population possibly extinct)

Order: Elopiformes

  • Family: Elopidae
    • Genus: Elops
      • Ten-pounder, Elops machnata LC IUCN
  • Family: Megalopidae
    • Genus: Megalops
      • Indo-Pacific tarpon, Megalops cyprinoides DD IUCN

Order: Gasterosteiformes

  • Family: Gasterosteidae
    • Genus: Gasterosteus
      • Three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus LC IUCN
      • Smallhead stickleback, Gasterosteus microcephalus
      • Japan Sea stickleback, Gasterosteus nipponicus
    • Genus: Pungitius
      • Short ninespine stickleback, Pungitius kaibarae (MoE: EX)
      • Ninespine stickleback, Pungitius pungitius LC IUCN
      • Amur stickleback, Pungitius sinensis VU IUCN
      • Sakhalin stickleback, Pungitius tymensis DD IUCN (MoE: VU)

Order: Gonorynchiformes

  • Family: Chanidae
    • Genus: Chanos
      • Milkfish, Chanos chanos LC IUCN

Order: Mugiliformes

  • Family: Mugilidae
    • Genus: Cestraeus
      • Lobed river mullet, Cestraeus plicatilis DD IUCN (MoE: CR)
    • Genus: Chelon
      • Otomebora mullet, Chelon melinopterus LC IUCN
      • Greenback mullet, Chelon subviridis LC IUCN (MoE: DD)
    • Genus: Ellochelon
      • Squaretail mullet, Ellochelon vaigiensis LC IUCN (MoE: DD)
    • Genus: Crenimugil
      • Fringelip mullet, Crenimugil crenilabis LC IUCN
      • Half fringelip mullet, Crenimugil heterocheilos LC IUCN (MoE: EN)
      • Longfin mullet, Crenimugil pedaraki (MoE: DD (as Moolgarda pedaraki))
      • Bluespot mullet, Crenimugil seheli LC IUCN
    • Genus: Osteomugil
      • Monnashibora, Osteomugil engeli LC IUCN (MoE: DD (as Moolgarda engeli))
    • Genus: Planiliza
      • Largescale mullet, Planiliza macrolepis LC IUCN
    • Genus: Valamugil
      • Bluetail mullet, Valamugil buchanani LC IUCN

Order: Osmeriformes

  • Family: Osmeridae
    • Genus: Hypomesus
      • Japanese smelt, Hypomesus nipponensis LC IUCN
      • Pond smelt, Hypomesus olidus LC IUCN (MoE: NT)
    • Genus: Osmerus
      • Arctic rainbow smelt, Osmerus dentex LC IUCN
  • Family: Plecoglossidae
    • Genus: Plecoglossus
      • Sweetfish, Plecoglossus altivelis DD IUCN
        • Ayu, P. a. altivelis
        • Ryukyu ayu, P. a. ryukyuensis (endemic) (MoE: CR)
    • Genus: Spirinchus
      • Shishamo smelt, Spirinchus lanceolatus
  • Family: Salangidae
    • Genus: Neosalanx
      • Ariake dwarf icefish, Neosalanx reganius EN IUCN (endemic) (MoE: CR)
    • Genus: Salanx
      • Ariake icefish, Salanx ariakensis (MoE: CR)

Order: Perciformes

  • Family: Ambassidae
    • Genus: Ambassis
      • Malabar glassy perchlet, Ambassis dussumieri LC IUCN
      • Long-spined glassfish, Ambassis interrupta LC IUCN (MoE: DD)
      • Estuarine glass perchlet, Ambassis macracanthus DD IUCN (MoE: DD)
      • Flag-tailed glassfish, Ambassis miops LC IUCN
      • Bleeker's glass perchlet, Ambassis urotaenia LC IUCN
      • Vachell's glassfish, Ambassis vachellii LC IUCN
    • Genus: Pseudambassis
      • Indian glassy fish, Pseudambassis ranga LC IUCN (introduced on Okinawa Island)
  • Family: Apogonidae
    • Genus: Apogon
      • Ambon cardinalfish, Apogon amboinensis DD IUCN
    • Genus: Ostorhinchus
      • Humpback cardinalfish, Ostorhinchus lateralis LC IUCN (MoE: DD (as Fibramia lateralis))
    • Genus: Pseudamia
      • White-jawed cardinalfish, Pseudamia amblyuroptera (MoE: DD)
    • Genus: Yarica
      • Mangrove cardinalfish, Yarica hyalosoma LC IUCN (MoE: CR)
  • Family: Blenniidae
    • Genus: Omobranchus
      • Chevroned blenny, Omobranchus elongatus LC IUCN (MoE: DD)
      • Gossamer blenny, Omobranchus ferox LC IUCN (MoE: CR)
    • Genus: Omox
      • Omox blenny, Omox biporos LC IUCN (MoE: CR)
  • Family: Carangidae
    • Genus: Caranx
      • Bigeye trevally, Caranx sexfasciatus LC IUCN
  • Family: Centrarchidae
    • Genus: Lepomis
      • Bluegill, Lepomis macrochirus LC IUCN (introduced)
    • Genus: Micropterus
      • Smallmouth bass, Micropterus dolomieu LC IUCN (introduced)
      • Largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides LC IUCN (introduced)
  • Family: Channidae
    • Genus: Channa
      • Northern snakehead, Channa argus (introduced)
      • Small snakehead, Channa asiatica LC IUCN (introduced)
      • Blotched snakehead, Channa maculata LC IUCN (introduced)
  • Family: Cichlidae
    • Genus: Amatitlania
      • Convict cichlid, Amatitlania nigrofasciata DD IUCN (introduced)
    • Genus: Oreochromis
      • Mozambique tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus VU IUCN (introduced)
      • Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus LC IUCN (introduced)
    • Genus: Otopharynx
      • Otopharynx lithobates LC IUCN (introduced on Okinawa Island)
    • Genus: Tilapia
      • Redbelly tilapia, Tilapia zillii LC IUCN (introduced)
  • Family: Eleotridae
    • Genus: Belobranchus
      • Throat-spine gudgeon, Belobranchus belobranchus LC IUCN (MoE: DD)
    • Genus: Bostrychus
      • Four-eyed sleeper, Bostrychus sinensis LC IUCN (MoE: EN)
    • Genus: Bunaka
      • Green-backed gudgeon, Bunaka gyrinoides LC IUCN (MoE: NT)
    • Genus: Butis
      • Ambon gudgeon, Butis amboinensis LC IUCN (MoE: CR)
      • Crimson-tipped gudgeon, Butis butis LC IUCN
    • Genus: Eleotris
      • Spine-cheek gudgeon, Eleotris acanthopomus LC IUCN
      • Brown spine-cheek gudgeon, Eleotris fusca LC IUCN
      • Broadhead sleeper, Eleotris melanosoma LC IUCN
      • Spined sleeper, Eleotris oxycephala LC IUCN
    • Genus: Eugnathogobius
      • Stripe-face calamiana, Eugnathogobius mindora LC IUCN (MoE: NT)
    • Genus: Hypseleotris
      • Tropical carp-gudgeon, Hypseleotris cyprinoides DD IUCN (MoE: EN)
    • Genus: Ophiocara
      • Spangled gudgeon, Ophiocara porocephala LC IUCN (MoE: VU)
  • Family: Epinephelidae
    • Genus: Epinephelus
      • Palemargin grouper, Epinephelus bontoides LC IUCN (MoE: DD)
  • Family: Gerreidae
    • Genus: Gerres filamentosus
      • Threadfin silverbelly, Gerres filamentosus LC IUCN
  • Family: Gobiidae
    • Genus: Acanthogobius
      • Yellowfin goby, Acanthogobius flavimanus LC IUCN
      • Spear-like Oriental goby, Acanthogobius hasta LC IUCN(endemic) (MoE: VU)
      • Minami-ashishirohaze, Acanthogobius insularis EN IUCN (endemic) (MoE: VU)
    • Genus: Acentrogobius
      • Mangrove goby, Acentrogobius audax LC IUCN (MoE: NT)
      • Tropical sand goby, Acentrogobius caninus LC IUCN (MoE: NT)
      • Robust mangrove goby, Acentrogobius janthinopterus LC IUCN
      • Sulu goby, Acentrogobius suluensis (MoE: NT)
      • Spotted green goby, Acentrogobius viridipunctatus LC IUCN  (MoE: VU)
    • Genus: Amblygobius
      • Link's goby, Amblygobius linki LC IUCN (MoE: NT)
    • Genus: Apocryptodon
      • Spotted hidden-teeth goby, Apocryptodon punctatus LC IUCN (endemic) (MoE: VU)
    • Genus: Awaous
      • Scribbled goby, Awaous grammepomus LC IUCN
      • Largesnout goby, Awaous melanocephalus
      • Ocellated river goby, Awaous ocellaris
    • Genus: Bathygobius
      • Brown frillfin, Bathygobius fuscus LC IUCN
    • Genus: Boleophthalmus
      • Great blue-spotted mudskipper, Boleophthalmus pectinirostris (MoE: EN)
    • Genus: Caragobius
      • Scaleless worm goby, Caragobius urolepis LC IUCN (MoE: VU)
    • Genus: Chaenogobius
      • Agohaze, Chaenogobius annularis LC IUCN
    • Genus: Cristatogobius
      • Hime-tosakahaze, Cristatogobius aurimaculatus (MoE: CR)
      • Tosakahaze, Cristatogobius lophius (MoE: EN)
      • Kuro-tosakahaze, Cristatogobius nonatoae (MoE: CR)
    • Genus: Eutaeniichthys
      • Brackish water goby, Eutaeniichthys gilli (MoE: NT)
    • Genus: Eviota
      • Urauchi-isohaze, Eviota ocellifer CR IUCN (endemic) (MoE: CR)
    • Genus: Exyrias
      • Puntang goby, Exyrias puntang LC IUCN
    • Genus: Favonigobius
      • Indo-pacific tropical sand goby, Favonigobius reichei LC IUCN
    • Genus: Glossogobius
      • Golden flathead goby, Glossogobius aureus LC IUCN (MoE: CR)
      • Bearded flathead goby, Glossogobius bicirrhosus LC IUCN (MoE: CR)
      • Circumspect goby, Glossogobius circumspectus LC IUCN (MoE: NT)
      • Bareye goby, Glossogobius giuris LC IUCN
      • Iwahaze, Glossogobius illimis LC IUCN
      • Urohaze goby, Glossogobius olivaceus LC IUCN
    • Genus: Gobiodon
      • Rippled coral goby, Gobiodon rivulatus LC IUCN
    • Genus: Gymnogobius
      • Biringo, Gymnogobius breunigii LC IUCN
      • Chestnut goby, Gymnogobius castaneus LC IUCN (MoE: NT)
      • Kiseruhaze, Gymnogobius cylindricus NT IUCN (endemic) (MoE: EN)
      • Biwa goby, Gymnogobius isaza EN IUCN (endemic) (MoE: CR)
      • Edo-haze, Gymnogobius macrognathos (MoE: VU)
      • Hebihaze, Gymnogobius mororanus (MoE: DD)
      • Koshinohaze, Gymnogobius nakamurae (MoE: CR)
      • Sumiukigori, Gymnogobius petschiliensis
      • Kubohaze, Gymnogobius scrobiculatus LC IUCN (endemic) (MoE: EN)
      • Shinjiko-haze, Gymnogobius taranetzi LC IUCN (MoE: VU)
      • Chikuzen-haze, Gymnogobius uchidai LC IUCN (endemic) (MoE: VU)
      • Shima-ukigori, Gymnogobius opperiens
      • Floating goby, Gymnogobius urotaenia
    • Genus: Gobitrichinotus
      • Sand fish, Gobitrichinotus radiocularis LC IUCN (MoE: NT)
    • Genus: Istigobius
      • Ornate goby, Istigobius ornatus LC IUCN
    • Genus: Lentipes
      • Yoroi-bōzuhaze, Lentipes armatus (MoE: CR)
    • Genus: Leucopsarion
      • Ice goby, Leucopsarion petersii (MoE: VU)
    • Genus: Luciogobius
      • Cave goby, Luciogobius albus CR IUCN (endemic) (MoE: CR)
      • Nemuri-mimizuhaze, Luciogobius dormitoris DD IUCN (endemic) (MoE: DD)
      • Nagare-mimizuhaze, Luciogobius fluvialis DD IUCN (endemic) (MoE: NT)
      • Yusui-mimizuhaze, Luciogobius fonticola DD IUCN (endemic) (MoE: NT)
      • Flathead goby, Luciogobius guttatus
      • Well goby, Luciogobius pallidus DD IUCN (endemic) (MoE: NT)
      • Minamihime-mimizuhaze, Luciogobius ryukyuensis NT IUCN (endemic) (MoE: VU)
    • Genus: Mangarinus
      • Uchiwahaze, Mangarinus waterousi DD IUCN
    • Genus: Mugilogobius
      • Bandfin mangrove goby, Mugilogobius cavifrons LC IUCN (MoE: EN)
      • Yellowstripe goby, Mugilogobius chulae LC IUCN
      • Dusky mangrove goby, Mugilogobius fuscus LC IUCN (MoE: DD)
      • Merton's mangrove goby, Mugilogobius mertoni LC IUCN (MoE: VU)
    • Genus: Odontamblyopus
      • Warasubo, Odontamblyopus lacepedii (MoE: VU)
    • Genus: Oligolepis
      • Sharptail goby, Oligolepis acutipennis LC IUCN
      • Plain teardrop goby, Oligolepis stomias DD IUCN
    • Genus: Oxyurichthys
      • Shimasaruhaze, Oxyurichthys takagi LC IUCN (MoE: CR)
    • Genus: Pandaka
      • Lidwill's dwarf goby, Pandaka lidwilli (MoE: VU)
    • Genus: Parkraemeria
      • Ginpohaze, Parkraemeria saltator NT IUCN (endemic) (MoE: VU)
    • Genus: Periophthalmus
      • Barred mudskipper, Periophthalmus argentilineatus LC IUCN
      • Shuttles mudskipper, Periophthalmus modestus (MoE: NT)
    • Genus: Psammogobius
      • Sleepy goby, Psammogobius biocellatus LC IUCN
    • Genus: Pseudapocryptes
      • Hokohaze, Pseudapocryptes elongatus LC IUCN
    • Genus: Pseudogobius
      • Masagohaze, Pseudogobius masago (MoE: VU)
      • Black-spotted goby, Pseudogobius melanosticta LC IUCN (MoE: DD (as Pseudogobius gastrospilos))
      • Northern fatnose goby, Pseudogobius poicilosoma LC IUCN
    • Genus: Redigobius
      • Girdled goby, Redigobius balteatus LC IUCN (endemic) (MoE: DD)
      • Speckled goby, Redigobius bikolanus LC IUCN
    • Genus: Rhinogobius
      • Biwa yellow-gill goby, Rhinogobius biwaensis EN IUCN (endemic) (MoE: DD)
      • Amur goby [es], Rhinogobius brunneus DD IUCN
      • Lizard goby, Rhinogobius flumineus
      • Ō-yoshinobori, Rhinogobius fluviatilis
      • Barcheek goby, Rhinogobius giurinus LC IUCN
      • Orange Amur goby, Rhinogobius kurodai
      • Hori-yoshinobori, Rhinogobius mizunoi
      • Shima-yoshinobori, Rhinogobius nagoyae
      • Ogasawara freshwater goby, Rhinogobius ogasawaraensis VU IUCN (endemic) (MoE: EN)
      • Tōkai-yoshinobori, Rhinogobius telma (MoE: NT)
      • Shimahire-yoshinobori, Rhinogobius tyoni (MoE: NT)
    • Genus: Scartelaos
      • Walking goby, Scartelaos histophorus LC IUCN (MoE: CR)
    • Genus: Schismatogobius
      • Shima-esohaze, Schismatogobius ampluvinculus DD IUCN (MoE: EN)
      • Kaeru-esohaze, Schismatogobius marmoratus LC IUCN
      • Esohaze, Schismatogobius roxasi EN IUCN (MoE: EN)
    • Genus: Sicyopterus
      • Grazing goby, Sicyopterus japonicus
      • Red-tailed goby, Sicyopterus lagocephalus LC IUCN (MoE: VU)
      • Sicyopterus macrostetholepis'
    • Genus: Sicyopus
      • Hinokoromo-bōzuhaze, Sicyopus auxilimentus DD IUCN (MoE: DD)
      • Aka-bōzuhaze, Sicyopus zosterophorus LC IUCN (MoE: CR)
    • Genus: Silhouettea
      • Shiranui-haze, Silhouettea dotui LC IUCN (endemic) (MoE: NT)
    • Genus: Smilosicyopus
      • Kaeru-haze, Smilosicyopus leprurus LC IUCN (endemic) (MoE: CR)
    • Genus: Stenogobius
      • Dōke-haze, Stenogobius ophthalmoporus LC IUCN (MoE: DD)
    • Genus: Stiphodon
      • Hisui-bōzuhaze, Stiphodon alcedo (MoE: CR)
      • Konteri-bōzuhaze, Stiphodon atropurpureus LC IUCN (MoE: CR)
      • Hayase-bōzuhaze, Stiphodon imperiorientis VU IUCN (endemic) (MoE: CR)
      • Torafu-bōzuhaze, Stiphodon multisquamus DD IUCN (MoE: DD)
      • Niraikanai-bōzuhaze, Stiphodon niraikanaiensis (MoE: DD)
      • Nanyō-bōzuhaze, Stiphodon percnopterygionus DD IUCN
      • Kakiirohime-bōzuhaze, Stiphodon surrufus LC IUCN (MoE: DD)
    • Genus: Taenioides
      • Eel worm goby, Taenioides anguillaris LC IUCN
      • Whiskered eel goby, Taenioides cirratus DD IUCN (MoE: EN)
    • Genus: Tridentiger
      • Shokihaze goby, Tridentiger barbatus (MoE: NT)
      • Short-spined Japanese trident goby, Tridentiger brevispinis
      • Shimofuri goby, Tridentiger bifasciatus LC IUCN
      • Naganogori, Tridentiger kuroiwae LC IUCN (endemic)
      • Bare-naped goby, Tridentiger nudicervicus (MoE: NT)
      • Japanese trident goby, Tridentiger obscurus
      • Chameleon goby, Tridentiger trigonocephalus LC IUCN
    • Genus: Trypauchen
      • Indo-Pacific burrowing goby, Trypauchen vagina LC IUCN
    • Genus: Trypauchenopsis
      • Bearded eel goby, Trypauchenopsis intermedia LC IUCN (MoE: VU)
    • Genus: Yongeichthys
      • Shadow goby, Yongeichthys nebulosus LC IUCN
  • Family: Haemulidae
    • Genus: Plectorhinchus
      • Giant sweetlips, Plectorhinchus albovittatus (MoE: DD)
      • Brown sweetlips, Plectorhinchus gibbosus LC IUCN
  • Family: Kraemeriidae
    • Genus: Kraemeria
      • Tonga-sunahaze, Kraemeria tongaensis LC IUCN (MoE: DD)
  • Family: Kuhliidae
    • Genus: Kuhlia
      • Dark-margined flagtail, Kuhlia marginata LC IUCN
      • Five-bar flagtail, Kuhlia mugil LC IUCN
      • Silver flagtail, Kuhlia munda DD IUCN (MoE: EN)
      • Jungle perch, Kuhlia rupestris LC IUCN
  • Family: Lateolabracidae
    • Genus: Lateolabrax
      • Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus
  • Family: Latidae
    • Genus: Lates
      • Barramundi, Lates calcarifer LC IUCN
      • Japanese barramundi, Lates japonicus VU IUCN (endemic) (MoE: EN)
  • Family: Leiognathidae
    • Genus: Aurigequula
      • Striped ponyfish, Aurigequula fasciata LC IUCN
    • Genus: Equulites
      • Whipfin ponyfish, Equulites leuciscus LC IUCN
    • Genus: Eubleekeria
      • Splendid ponyfish, Eubleekeria splendens LC IUCN
    • Genus: Gazza
      • Toothed ponyfish, Gazza minuta LC IUCN
    • Genus: Leiognathus
      • Common ponyfish, Leiognathus equulus LC IUCN
  • Family: Lutjanidae
    • Genus: Lutjanus
      • Blackspot snapper, Lutjanus ehrenbergii LC IUCN
      • Blacktail snapper, Lutjanus fulvus LC IUCN
      • Papuan black snapper, Lutjanus goldiei (MoE: CR)
  • Family: Microdesmidae
    • Genus: Parioglossus
      • Kujakuhaze, Parioglossus caeruleolineatus DD IUCN (endemic) (MoE: DD)
      • Beautiful hover goby, Parioglossus formosus LC IUCN
      • Blackstripe dartfish, Parioglossus lineatus DD IUCN (MoE: DD)
      • Interrupted dartfish, Parioglossus interruptus (MoE: CR)
      • Estuarine dartfish, Parioglossus palustris LC IUCN (MoE: VU)
      • Rainford's dartfish, Parioglossus rainfordi LC IUCN (MoE: EN)
      • Yellow dartfish, Parioglossus raoi LC IUCN
      • Striped dartfish, Parioglossus taeniatus LC IUCN (MoE: CR)
  • Family: Monodactylidae
    • Genus: Monodactylus
      • Silver moony, Monodactylus argenteus LC IUCN
  • Family: Odontobutidae
    • Genus: Micropercops
      • Yokoshima-donko, Micropercops swinhonis LC IUCN
    • Genus: Odontobutis
      • Ishi-donko, Odontobutis hikimius NT IUCN (endemic) (MoE: VU)
      • Dark sleeper, Odontobutis obscura
  • Family: Osphronemidae
    • Genus: Macropodus
      • Round-tailed paradise fish, Macropodus ocellatus (introduced)
      • Paradise fish, Macropodus opercularis LC IUCN (introduced?) (MoE: CR)
  • Family: Pomacentridae
    • Genus: Pomacentrus
      • River damsel, Pomacentrus taeniometopon LC IUCN
  • Family: Rhyacichthyidae
    • Genus: Rhyacichthys
      • Loach goby, Rhyacichthys aspro DD IUCN (MoE: CR)
  • Family: Scatophagidae
    • Genus: Scatophagus
      • Spotted scat, Scatophagus argus LC IUCN
  • Family: Scombridae
    • Genus: Scomberomorus
      • Chinese mackerel, Scomberomorus sinensis DD IUCN
  • Family: Sillaginidae
    • Genus: Sillaginops
      • Large-scale whiting, Sillaginops macrolepis (MoE: EN)
    • Genus: Sillago
      • Small-scale whiting, Sillago parvisquamis EN IUCN (MoE: CR)
  • Family: Sinipercidae
    • Genus: Coreoperca
      • Japanese perch, Coreoperca kawamebari (MoE: EN)
  • Family: Sparidae
    • Genus: Acanthopagrus
      • Yellowfin seabream, Acanthopagrus latus DD IUCN
      • Pacific seabream, Acanthopagrus pacificus LC IUCN (MoE: VU)
      • Okinawa seabream, Acanthopagrus sivicolus VU IUCN
  • Family: Terapontidae
    • Genus: Mesopristes
      • Silver grunter, Mesopristes argenteus LC IUCN (MoE: CR)
      • Tapiroid grunter, Mesopristes cancellatus LC IUCN (MoE: CR)
      • Shimizu-shimaisaki, Mesopristes iravi DD IUCN (MoE: CR)
    • Genus: Terapon
      • Tiger perch, Terapon jarbua LC IUCN
  • Family: Toxotidae
    • Genus: Toxotes
      • Banded archerfish, Toxotes jaculatrix LC IUCN (MoE: CR)
  • Family: Tripterygiidae
    • Genus: Enneapterygius
      • Urauchi-hebiginpo, Enneapterygius cheni LC IUCN (MoE: CR)

Order: Pleuronectiformes

  • Family: Pleuronectidae
    • Genus: Platichthys
      • Starry flounder, Platichthys stellatus LC IUCN
  • Family: Soleidae
    • Genus: Brachirus
      • Oriental sole, Brachirus orientalis LC IUCN

Order: Salmoniformes

  • Family: Salmonidae
    • Genus: Hucho
      • Sakhalin taimen, Hucho perryi CR IUCN (MoE: EN)
    • Genus: Oncorhynchus
      • Pink salmon, Oncorhynchus gorbuscha
      • Iwame trout, Oncorhynchus iwame DD IUCN (endemic)
      • Kunimasu, Oncorhynchus kawamurae EW IUCN (endemic) (MoE: EW)
      • Chum salmon, Oncorhynchus keta
      • Masu salmon, Oncorhynchus masou
        • Red-spotted masu salmon, O. m. ishikawae EN IUCN (MoE: NT)
        • Cherry salmon, O. m. masou  (MoE: NT)
      • Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (introduced)
      • Sockeye salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka LC IUCN  (MoE: CR)
      • Biwa trout, Oncorhynchus rhodurus
    • Genus: Salmo
      • Brown trout, Salmo trutta LC IUCN (introduced)
    • Genus: Salvelinus
      • Brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (introduced)
      • Kirikuchi char, Salvelinus japonicus EN IUCN (endemic)
      • White-spotted charr, Salvelinus leucomaenis
        • Head-spotted charr, S. l. imbrius (MoE: VU)
        • Japanese charr, S. l. japonicus
        • Amemasu, S. l. leucomaenis
        • Nikkō-iwana, S. l. pluvius (MoE: DD)
      • Dolly Varden trout, Salvelinus malma
        • Oshorokoma, S. m. krascheninnikovi (MoE: VU)
        • Northern Dolly Varden, S. m. malma
        • Miyabe charr, S. m. miyabei (MoE: VU)
      • Lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush (introduced)

Order: Scorpaeniformes

  • Family: Cottidae
    • Genus: Cottus
      • Sakhalin sculpin, Cottus amblystomopsis LC IUCN
      • Cherskii's sculpin, Cottus czerskii LC IUCN
      • Tyuman-river sculpin, Cottus hangiongensis
      • Fourspine sculpin, Cottus kazika LC IUCN (endemic) (MoE: VU)
      • Wrinklehead sculpin, Cottus nozawae LC IUCN
      • Japanese fluvial sculpin, Cottus pollux LC IUCN (endemic) (MoE: NT)
      • Kajika small-egg-type, Cottus reinii LC IUCN (endemic) (MoE: EN)
    • Genus: Trachidermus
      • Roughskin sculpin, Trachidermus fasciatus (MoE: EN)
  • Family: Tetrarogidae
    • Genus: Tetraroge
      • Bearded roguefish, Tetraroge barbata LC IUCN (MoE: CR)
      • Freshwater waspfish, Tetraroge nigra LC IUCN (MoE: CR)
  • Family: Triglidae
    • Genus: Chelidonichthys
      • Bluefin gurnard, Chelidonichthys kumu LC IUCN

Order: Siluriformes

  • Family: Amblycipitidae
    • Genus: Liobagrus
      • Reddish bullhead, Liobagrus reinii LC IUCN (endemic) (MoE: VU)
  • Family: Bagridae
    • Genus: Leiocassis
      • Chinese longsnout catfish, Leiocassis longirostris DD IUCN
    • Genus: Tachysurus
      • Ariake cuttailed bullhead, Tachysurus aurantiacus NT IUCN (endemic) (MoE: VU)
      • Korean bullhead, Tachysurus fulvidraco LC IUCN (introduced)
      • Stumpy bullhead, Tachysurus ichikawai VU IUCN (endemic) (MoE: EN)
      • Forktail bullhead, Tachysurus nudiceps
      • Cuttailed bullhead, Tachysurus tokiensis LC IUCN (endemic) (MoE: VU)
  • Family: Clariidae
    • Genus: Clarias
      • Walking catfish, Clarias batrachus LC IUCN (introduced)
      • Hong Kong catfish, Clarias fuscus LC IUCN (introduced)
  • Family: Ictaluridae
    • Genus: Ictalurus
      • Channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus LC IUCN (introduced)
  • Family: Loricariidae
    • Genus: Pterygoplichthys
      • Vermiculated sailfin catfish, Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus (introduced on Okinawa Island)
  • Family: Siluridae
    • Genus: Silurus
      • Amur catfish, Silurus asotus LC IUCN
      • Lake Biwa catfish, Silurus biwaensis
      • Biwa rock catfish, Silurus lithophilus VU IUCN (endemic) (MoE: NT)

Order: Synbranchiformes

  • Family: Synbranchidae
    • Genus: Monopterus
      • Asian swamp eel, Monopterus albus LC IUCN
      • Oriental swamp eel, Monopterus javanensis LC IUCN

Order: Syngnathiformes

  • Family: Syngnathidae
    • Genus: Hippichthys
      • Bluespeckled pipefish, Hippichthys cyanospilos LC IUCN
      • Reticulated freshwater pipefish, Hippichthys heptagonus LC IUCN (MoE: EN)
      • Beady pipefish, Hippichthys penicillus LC IUCN
      • Bellybarred pipefish, Hippichthys spicifer LC IUCN
    • Genus: Microphis
      • Flat-nosed pipefish, Microphis argulus LC IUCN (MoE: CR)
      • Short-tailed pipefish, Microphis brachyurus LC IUCN
      • Philippine river pipefish, Microphis jagorii DD IUCN (MoE: CR)
      • Barhead pipefish, Microphis leiaspis LC IUCN 
      • Ragged-tail pipefish, Microphis retzii LC IUCN (MoE: CR)
    • Genus: Syngnathus
      • Pacific seaweed pipefish, Syngnathus schlegeli LC IUCN

Order: Tetraodontiformes

  • Family: Tetraodontidae
    • Genus: Arothron
      • White-spotted puffer, Arothron hispidus LC IUCN
      • Immaculate puffer, Arothron immaculatus LC IUCN
    • Genus: Chelonodon
      • Milkspotted puffer, Chelonodon patoca LC IUCN
    • Genus: Lagocephalus
      • Silver-cheeked toadfish, Lagocephalus sceleratus LC IUCN
    • Genus: Takifugu
      • Grass puffer, Takifugu alboplumbeus LC IUCN
      • Ocellated puffer, Takifugu ocellatus NT IUCN
      • Obscure puffer, Takifugu obscurus LC IUCN
      • Finepatterned puffer, Takifugu poecilonotus LC IUCN

Japanese names

Incorporating new species described and other taxonomic changes since the 2013 third edition of Fishes of Japan (日本産魚類検索), edited by Nakabo Tetsuji, Motomura Hiroyuki (本村浩之) of the Kagoshima University Museum published in 2020 List of Japan's All Fish Species (日本産魚類全種目録), subtitled "Current standard Japanese and scientific names of all fish species recorded from Japanese waters"; regular open access updates are published, that of July 2021 detailing some 4,611 species.

See also

  • List of animals in Japan
  • Wildlife Protection Areas in Japan

References

External links

  • Invasive Species of Japan: Fishes
  • Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes
  • (in Japanese) List of Japan's All Fish Species

Text submitted to CC-BY-SA license. Source: List of freshwater fish of Japan by Wikipedia (Historical)



 

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