The 2024 United States state legislative elections will be held on November 5, 2024, for 85 state legislative chambers in 44 states. Across the fifty states, approximately 65 percent of all upper house seats and 85 percent of all lower house seats will be up for election. Nine legislative chambers in the five permanently inhabited U.S. territories and the federal district of Washington, D.C., will also hold elections. The elections take place concurrently with several other federal, state, and local elections, including the presidential election, U.S. Senate elections, U.S. House elections, and gubernatorial elections.

Republicans currently control 56 legislative chambers, while Democrats control 41. Both chambers of the Alaska Legislature are controlled by bipartisan coalitions. The states of Arizona, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, and Pennsylvania are expected to hold the most competitive elections for legislative control. Additionally, court-ordered redistricting in Wisconsin is expected to lead to Democratic gains in both chambers of the Wisconsin Legislature.

Summary table

Regularly scheduled elections will be held in 85 of the 99 state legislative chambers in the United States. Nationwide, regularly scheduled elections were held for 5,809 of the 7,383 legislative seats. Many legislative chambers held elections for all seats, but some legislative chambers that use staggered elections held elections for only a portion of the total seats in the chamber. The chambers not up for election either hold regularly-scheduled elections in odd-numbered years, or have four-year terms and hold all regularly scheduled elections in presidential midterm election years.

Note that this table only covers regularly scheduled elections; additional special elections took place concurrently with these regularly scheduled elections.

Election predictions

Several sites and individuals publish predictions of competitive chambers. These predictions look at factors such as the strength of the party, the strength of the candidates, and the partisan leanings of the state (reflected in part by the state's Cook Partisan Voting Index rating). The predictions assign ratings to each chambers, with the rating indicating the predicted advantage that a party has in winning that election.

Most election predictors use:

• "Tossup": No advantage
• "Tilt": Advantage that is not quite as strong as "lean"
• "Lean": Slight advantage
• "Likely": Significant, but surmountable, advantage
• "Safe" or "Solid": Near-certain chance of victory

State summaries

Alaska

Half of the seats of the Alaska Senate and all of the seats of the Alaska House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. The Alaska Senate and the Alaska House of Representatives are controlled by coalitions of Democrats, Republicans, and independents. The Alaska House of Representatives and the Alaska Senate are currently the only two state legislative chambers controlled by a cross-partisan coalition.

Arizona

All of the seats of the Arizona Senate and the Arizona House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Arkansas

Half of the seats of the Arkansas Senate and all of the seats of the Arkansas House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

California

Half of the seats of the California State Senate and all of the seats of the California State Assembly are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Colorado

Half of the seats of the Colorado Senate and all of the seats of the Colorado House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Connecticut

All of the seats of the Connecticut State Senate and the Connecticut House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Delaware

Half of the seats of the Delaware State Senate and all of the Delaware House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Florida

Half of the seats of the Florida Senate and all of the seats of the Florida House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Georgia

All of the seats of the Georgia State Senate and the Georgia House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Hawaii

Half of the seats of the Hawaii Senate and all of the seats of the Hawaii House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Idaho

All of the seats of the Idaho Senate and the Idaho House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Illinois

One third of the seats of the Illinois Senate and all of the seats of the Illinois House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Indiana

Half of the seats of the Indiana Senate and all of the seats of the Indiana House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Iowa

Half of the seats of the Iowa Senate and all of the seats of the Iowa House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Kansas

All of the seats of the Kansas Senate and the Kansas House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Kentucky

Half of the seats of the Kentucky Senate and all of the seats of the Kentucky House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Maine

All of the seats of the Maine Senate and the Maine House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Massachusetts

All of the seats of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Michigan

All of the seats of the Michigan House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. The Michigan Senate will not hold regularly scheduled elections in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Minnesota

All of the seats of the Minnesota House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. The Minnesota Senate will not hold regularly scheduled elections in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Missouri

Half of the seats of the Missouri Senate and all of the seats of the Missouri House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Montana

Half of the seats of the Montana Senate and all of the seats of the Montana House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers. These will be the first election under new legislative lines drawn by an independent, bipartisan commission since Montana does not adopt new legislative lines until 4 years after the census.

Nebraska

Nebraska is the only U.S. state with a unicameral legislature; half of the seats of the Nebraska Legislature are up for election in 2024. Nebraska is also unique in that its legislature is officially non-partisan and holds non-partisan elections, although the Democratic and Republican parties each endorse legislative candidates.

Nevada

Half of the seats of the Nevada Senate and all of the seats of the Nevada Assembly are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

New Hampshire

All of the seats of the New Hampshire Senate and the New Hampshire House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

New Mexico

All of the seats of the New Mexico Senate and the New Mexico House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

New York

All of the seats of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

North Carolina

All of the seats of the North Carolina Senate and the North Carolina House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

North Dakota

Half of the seats of the North Dakota Senate and the North Dakota House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Ohio

Half of the seats of the Ohio Senate and all of the seats of the Ohio House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Oklahoma

Half of the seats of the Oklahoma Senate and all of the seats of the Oklahoma House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Oregon

Half of the seats of the Oregon State Senate and all of the seats of the Oregon House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Pennsylvania

Half of the seats of the Pennsylvania State Senate and all of the seats of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control the upper house, whereas Democrats hold a majority in the lower house.

Rhode Island

All of the seats of the Rhode Island Senate and the Rhode Island House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

South Carolina

All of the seats of the South Carolina Senate and the South Carolina House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

South Dakota

All of the seats of the South Dakota Senate and the South Dakota House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Tennessee

Half of the seats of the Tennessee Senate and all of the seats of the Tennessee House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Texas

Half of the seats of the Texas Senate and all of the seats of the Texas House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers. Texas House Republicans have experienced considerable intraparty strife over issues such as school vouchers and the 2023 impeachment of Ken Paxton, the state's attorney general. Retirements and primary battles have left over 30 seats open for the general election. Nevertheless, Republicans are expected to maintain control of the legislature.

Utah

Half of the seats of the Utah State Senate and all of the seats of the Utah House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Vermont

All of the seats of the Vermont Senate and the Vermont House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Washington

Half of the seats of the Washington State Senate and all of the seats of the Washington House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

West Virginia

Half of the seats of the West Virginia Senate and all of the seats of the West Virginia House of Delegates are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Wisconsin

Half of the seats of the Wisconsin Senate and all of the seats of the Wisconsin State Assembly are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers. Redistricting ordered by the Wisconsin Supreme Court has completely reshuffled the state's legislative districts, leaving dozens of seats across both chambers with no incumbents. The new maps are more favorable to Democrats than previous maps, and the party is expected to gain seats in both chambers, with a chance of winning control of the Assembly for the first time since 2008.

Wyoming

Half of the seats of the Wyoming Senate and all of the seats of the Wyoming House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Territorial and federal district summaries

American Samoa

All of the seats of the American Samoa Senate and the American Samoa House of Representatives were up for election. Members of the Senate serve four-year terms, while members of the House of Representatives serve two-year terms. Gubernatorial and legislative elections are conducted on a nonpartisan basis in American Samoa.

Guam

All of the seats of the unicameral Legislature of Guam were up for election. All members of the legislature serve a two-year term.

Northern Mariana Islands

A portion of the seats of the Northern Mariana Islands Senate, and all of the seats of the Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives, were up for election. Members of the Senate serve either four-year terms, while members of the House serve two-year terms.

Puerto Rico

All of the seats of the Senate of Puerto Rico and the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico are up for election in 2024. Members of the Senate and the House of Representatives both serve four-year terms.

U.S. Virgin Islands

All of the seats of the unicameral Legislature of the Virgin Islands were up for election in 2020. All members of the legislature serve a two-year term.

Washington, D.C.

The Council of the District of Columbia serves as the legislative branch of the federal district of Washington, D.C. Half of the council seats are up for election in 2024. Council members serve four-year terms.

Special elections

There are currently forty-four state legislative special elections scheduled for 2024.

Alabama

Connecticut

Florida

Georgia

Hawaii

Illinois

Kentucky

Maine

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

New Hampshire

New York

North Dakota

Oklahoma

Pennsylvania

South Carolina

Texas

Utah

Virginia

Wisconsin

See also

• 2024 United States presidential election
• 2024 United States Senate elections
• 2024 United States House of Representatives elections
• 2024 United States gubernatorial elections

Notes

References