Nonane

Nonane is a linear alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C₉H₂₀. It is a colorless, flammable liquid, occurring primarily in the component of the petroleum distillate fraction commonly called kerosene, which is used as a heating, tractor, and jet fuel. Nonane is also used as a solvent, distillation chaser, fuel additive, and a component in biodegradable detergents.

Nonane has 35 structural isomers.

Its substituent form is nonyl. Its cycloalkane counterpart is cyclononane, (C₉H₁₈).

Unlike most alkanes, the numeric prefix in its name is from Latin, not Greek. (A name using a Greek prefix would be enneane.)

Combustion reactions

Nonane undergoes combustion reactions that are similar to other alkanes. In the presence of sufficient oxygen, nonane burns to form water and carbon dioxide.

C₉H₂₀ + 14O₂ → 9CO₂ + 10H₂O

When insufficient oxygen is available for complete combustion, the burning products include carbon monoxide.

2C₉H₂₀ + 19O₂ → 18CO + 20H₂O

See also

• Higher alkanes
• List of isomers of nonane

References

External links

• NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0466". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
• MSDS at Oxford University
• List of isomers of nonane